The Taliban government on Saturday marked five years since it returned to power in Afghanistan, holding military parades and public celebrations across Kabul.
Thousands of people took part in the celebrations, with Taliban flags displayed on vehicles, motorcycles and rickshaws. Military helicopters flew over the capital while security personnel armed with rifles were deployed around key areas.
The celebrations took place on the fifth anniversary of the Taliban’s takeover of Kabul on August 15, 2021, following the withdrawal of US-led forces and the collapse of the previous Afghan government.
Taliban spokesman Zabihullah Mujahid described the anniversary as a historic day that would be remembered in Afghanistan’s history. Officials also highlighted security improvements, infrastructure projects and opportunities for entrepreneurs.
However, critics and international organisations say the Taliban’s rule has been marked by severe restrictions on human rights, particularly those affecting women and girls.
Women remain banned from many jobs and public spaces, while girls are prohibited from attending school beyond the age of 12. Women and girls are also barred from attending sporting events being organised as part of the anniversary celebrations.
The United Nations has criticised what it described as increasingly restrictive measures affecting almost every aspect of daily life. The Committee to Protect Journalists has also accused the Taliban authorities of suppressing the media through surveillance, detention, censorship and violence.
Afghanistan continues to face serious economic and humanitarian challenges. The country has also experienced worsening relations with neighbouring Pakistan, while reductions in international aid have increased pressure on the population.
Despite the challenges, Taliban authorities continue to seek stronger international relations. Russia remains the only country that has formally recognised the Taliban government.
Five years after its return to power, Afghanistan remains deeply divided between the Taliban’s claims of stability and development and growing international criticism over human rights and restrictions on women and girls.

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