A new GLOBOCAN 2024 report by the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) has warned that the global cancer burden could increase significantly in the coming decades.
The report estimated that 20.6 million new cancer cases and 9.8 million cancer deaths were recorded worldwide in 2024. It projects that annual new cases could reach 34 million by 2050, representing a 67% increase from 2024.
Cancer deaths are also projected to rise to about 17.5 million annually, nearly 80% above the current level.
According to the report, men accounted for 10.6 million of the new cases recorded in 2024, while women accounted for 10 million. Men also represented 56% of cancer deaths.
IARC said cancer rates vary considerably between countries because of differences in population ageing, exposure to risk factors, prevention, early detection and access to effective treatment.
Lung cancer remains the world's leading cancer in both incidence and mortality, while breast cancer remains among the most commonly diagnosed cancers globally. Prostate cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer among men in 123 countries.
In sub-Saharan Africa, IARC reported that breast and cervical cancers account for more than half of cancers among women, while infection-related cancers contribute significantly to preventable cancer cases.
The agency also highlighted major gaps in cancer data worldwide. Only about one in three countries reports high-quality cancer incidence data, while only one in four has reliable mortality data.
Experts stressed the need for stronger cancer-control programmes, increased prevention, early detection, vaccination, screening and better access to treatment.
The report warned that without significant improvements in cancer prevention and care, the number of people developing and dying from cancer could continue to rise sharply over the next three decades.
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