The military-led government of Niger has enacted a new penal code that criminalises same-sex relations, introducing prison sentences and fines for offenders.
Under the legislation, individuals found guilty of engaging in same-sex relationships may face prison terms ranging from five to ten years. The law also imposes stricter penalties on same-sex marriages, with offenders facing between 10 and 20 years in prison.
In addition, the new code criminalises the management, financing, operation, or participation in organisations associated with LGBTQIA+ activities. Those convicted under these provisions could receive prison sentences of up to 20 years.
The measure forms part of Niger's "Charter of Refoundation," adopted by the military government in 2025. While the charter established the prohibition, the newly enacted penal code provides specific penalties for violations.
Niger, a predominantly Muslim country, had previously been among the few African nations where consensual same-sex relations were not explicitly outlawed. However, the legal landscape began to change following the 2023 military takeover.
According to legal sources, work on the penal code reform began during the administration of former President Mohamed Bazoum before he was removed from office in July 2023. The reforms reportedly followed calls from conservative religious groups and lawmakers for stricter legislation on issues related to sexuality.
The development places Niger among several African countries that have recently adopted tougher laws on same-sex relations. Supporters argue that the measures reflect the country's cultural and religious values, while human rights organisations have expressed concern that such laws could increase discrimination and social exclusion.
The new legislation marks a significant change in Niger's legal framework and is expected to attract attention from regional and international observers monitoring developments in the Sahel region.
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