Sudan's Minister of Human Resources and Social Development, Mutasim Ahmed Saleh, says more than three years of civil war have significantly altered the country's population distribution, increasing poverty, displacement, and pressure on essential services.
Speaking on Thursday, Saleh said the conflict between the Sudanese Armed Forces (SAF) and the Rapid Support Forces (RSF), which began in April 2023, has displaced millions of people and forced many others to flee to neighboring countries such as Egypt, Chad, and South Sudan.
According to the minister, the war has led to widespread loss of livelihoods, weakened the labor force, damaged basic infrastructure, and reduced access to healthcare, education, and other essential services.
Saleh said the government is working with national and international partners to strengthen population policies, expand social protection programmes, support the voluntary return of refugees, reintegrate internally displaced persons, and rebuild the country's human capital.
Experts say the conflict has deepened long-standing demographic imbalances by emptying some communities while overcrowding others. They also warned that rebuilding damaged infrastructure and restoring economic opportunities will be essential to prevent further displacement.
The International Organization for Migration (IOM) reports that about 4.1 million people have returned to their areas of origin across Sudan, while the number of internally displaced people has declined from its January 2025 peak. However, millions remain displaced as the humanitarian crisis continues.
Sudan is now in its fourth year of conflict, with ongoing fighting, widespread destruction of infrastructure, food shortages, and limited access to humanitarian assistance, leaving hopes for a peaceful resolution uncertain.
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