While many nations maintain powerful armed forces, some sovereign countries have chosen not to operate a standing military. Instead, they depend on police forces, coast guards, volunteer security units, or defense agreements with larger allies to protect their territories.
1. Costa Rica
Costa Rica abolished its military in 1948 after a civil war. The decision was later added to its constitution. Today, national police and security agencies handle internal protection, while the country focuses on diplomacy and international cooperation.
2. Panama
Panama dissolved its military in 1990 after the fall of Manuel Noriega’s government. Security is now managed by police, border protection agencies, and maritime security services.
3. Iceland
Although Iceland is a member of NATO, it has no standing army, navy, or air force. Its security relies on NATO cooperation, while the Icelandic Coast Guard manages maritime protection and rescue operations.
4. Liechtenstein
Liechtenstein abolished its army in 1868 because maintaining one was considered too expensive. Today, the country relies on its police force, while neighboring Switzerland supports its security interests.
5. Monaco
Monaco does not have a traditional military. It maintains security units such as the Prince’s Carabiniers, while France is responsible for its external defense.
6. Andorra
Located between France and Spain, Andorra has no standing armed forces. Its security is handled by police, with defense support from its neighboring countries.
7. San Marino
San Marino, one of the world’s oldest republics, has small volunteer and ceremonial security groups instead of a full military. Italy provides defense support through agreements.
8. Vatican City
The world’s smallest country has no army, navy, or air force. Security is provided by the Swiss Guard and Vatican Gendarmerie, while Italy helps with external protection.
9. Nauru
The Pacific island nation of Nauru has no armed forces. Its police handle law enforcement, while Australia provides defense assistance.
10. Tuvalu
Tuvalu also has no military. Police and maritime authorities manage security, with support from Australia and regional partners when needed.
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