Indian federal investigators have filed criminal charges against 13 people over the leak of question papers for the National Eligibility cum Entrance Test (NEET), the country's nationwide medical college entrance examination.
The charges come after weeks of youth-led protests that forced the resignation of India's education minister and prompted the government to announce major reforms to the public examination system.
According to the Central Bureau of Investigation (CBI), those charged include three subject experts from the National Testing Agency, several middlemen accused of distributing the leaked questions, and two individuals linked to coaching centres. All 13 suspects are currently in custody.
They face charges including criminal conspiracy, cheating, criminal breach of trust, and destruction of evidence.
Nearly two million students sat for the NEET examination in May before authorities cancelled the test following allegations that examination questions had been leaked. A fresh examination was conducted on June 21.
The scandal sparked nationwide demonstrations, with thousands of protesters demanding accountability and stronger measures to prevent future examination malpractice. The protests ended after the education minister stepped down.
India's Supreme Court has also ordered authorities not to take coercive action against protesters, directed the release of detained minors, and instructed officials to preserve surveillance footage following allegations of police brutality during the demonstrations.
The Indian government has since introduced legislation proposing tougher penalties for public examination fraud. Under the proposed law, offenders could face prison sentences ranging from five to 10 years and fines of up to 50 million rupees (about $522,000).
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