China and Indonesia have agreed to deepen military cooperation and expand collaboration in minerals, energy and technology as Jakarta seeks to maintain balanced relations with both Beijing and Washington.
The agreement was reached during a high-level “2+2” meeting in Jakarta involving Chinese Foreign Minister Wang Yi and Defence Minister Dong Jun, alongside their Indonesian counterparts.
Both countries pledged to increase military activities, including joint exercises, officer exchanges and defence-industry partnerships. They also agreed to cooperate in areas such as artificial intelligence, rail transport, green energy, satellites and fisheries.
China remains a major investor in Indonesia, particularly in the nickel-processing sector. Indonesia is rich in nickel, tin, copper, gold and bauxite, making its natural resources strategically important to Beijing.
However, some Chinese companies have expressed concerns about Indonesia’s tighter regulations, higher taxes and changes to nickel pricing and mining quotas.
The closer military relationship comes shortly after a rare joint naval exercise between China and Indonesia east of Taiwan, an event that drew criticism from Taiwan. Indonesia has said its naval activities are part of its broader defence cooperation with several countries.
The latest agreement highlights growing strategic and economic ties between Beijing and Jakarta amid increasing geopolitical tensions in the region.
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