Five Important Rights You Have If You're Arrested by Police in Nigeria

Being arrested by the police can be a stressful experience, but every Nigerian is protected by the law, even while in custody. The 1999 Constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria (as amended) guarantees several rights to anyone who is arrested or detained.

Legal experts and police authorities have advised citizens to understand these rights while remaining calm and cooperating with law enforcement officers during an arrest.

Here are five key rights every Nigerian should know:

1. Right to Know the Reason for Your Arrest

Police officers are generally required to inform you why you are being arrested, except in limited situations where revealing the reason could affect an ongoing investigation or the interests of justice.

2. Right to Remain Silent

You have the right not to answer questions or make any statement until you have consulted a lawyer or another person of your choice. This protection is provided under Section 35(2) of the Constitution.

3. Right to a Lawyer and to Inform Your Family

An arrested person has the right to contact a legal practitioner and notify a family member or trusted person about their arrest and whereabouts. This helps ensure that their legal rights are protected.

4. Right to Presumption of Innocence and Fair Hearing

Being arrested does not mean you are guilty. Every suspect is presumed innocent until proven guilty by a competent court of law. The Constitution also guarantees the right to a fair hearing before any conviction.

5. Right to Humane Treatment

Police officers are prohibited from assaulting or mistreating suspects. Anyone in police custody has the right to medical attention when necessary and should be held under humane conditions. Suspects may also be entitled to administrative bail where the law permits.

Authorities also remind citizens that resisting a lawful arrest is an offence. Individuals are encouraged to remain calm, avoid confrontation, seek legal assistance, and insist on being treated in accordance with the law. Understanding these rights can help protect citizens from unlawful detention and abuse while ensuring due process is followed.

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